Research of
July 2021 - Dec 2021
Paper Reciprocal
01 Paper
Reciprocal Frame Studies
![Soh Hoo Ze Xiang](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ce752d_1eea47302b8b43a29c96e865bee7e7be~mv2.gif/v1/fill/w_890,h_667,al_c,pstr/ce752d_1eea47302b8b43a29c96e865bee7e7be~mv2.gif)
Prototype 6
![Lim Zhuan Yang](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ce752d_d5e1a0f94e254c6e9cd459d7e04e747a~mv2.gif/v1/fill/w_890,h_635,al_c,pstr/ce752d_d5e1a0f94e254c6e9cd459d7e04e747a~mv2.gif)
Prototype 12
Material used:
Foam board,
Model Board
![John Lau Yong Hao](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ce752d_07150976d20345a1bd1bded48522ab1e~mv2.gif/v1/fill/w_619,h_698,al_c,pstr/ce752d_07150976d20345a1bd1bded48522ab1e~mv2.gif)
Prototype 4
![Ng Jian Zhe](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ce752d_d72187a2f1fb41db941ffc35d738866d~mv2.gif/v1/fill/w_692,h_682,al_c,pstr/ce752d_d72187a2f1fb41db941ffc35d738866d~mv2.gif)
Prototype 12
Showcased works by
Guma Sylvester Makajil
Helen Lim Xin Ying
John Lau Yong Hao
Lim Zhuan Yang
Ng Jian Zhe
Soh Hoo Ze Xiang
![Helen Lim Xin Yi](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ce752d_045559c4191d4c4eae8e24c74a8f2bd8~mv2.gif/v1/fill/w_563,h_463,al_c,pstr/ce752d_045559c4191d4c4eae8e24c74a8f2bd8~mv2.gif)
Prototype 4
The invention of paper can be dated back to 105 A.D. Since then, paper, a word derived from the plant papyrus, has become one of the most widely used products throughout the world. From stationary to origami, and temporary structures in architecture, paper has been successfully used for a wide variety of applications. However, its potential use as a structure made from a single material has not been widely explored.
Through an assorted genetic algorithm (GA), paper has shown the ability to support dead and live loads without the use of adhesives or additional reinforcements (steel,etc.). Furthermore, the model showed structurally sound results for discrete and non-discrete reciprocal frames made of recycled paper.
In this workshop, we will test our digital results with 10 working prototypes that will be assembled by students. Together, this new information will lead us toward a paper reciprocal frame that can enclose large, unencumbered spaces in short periods of time and bedisassembled and reassembled in different locations with minimal impact on the environment.
02 1:1 scaled study model
Material used: Paper Tube
![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ce752d_74554e8148364dffb5ed35cfcbfeb3a4~mv2.gif/v1/fill/w_308,h_218,al_c,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,pstr/ce752d_74554e8148364dffb5ed35cfcbfeb3a4~mv2.gif)
![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ce752d_55e87edc5d624a62be73ae814d71eb90~mv2.jpg/v1/crop/x_0,y_0,w_774,h_545/fill/w_310,h_218,al_c,q_80,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/ce752d_55e87edc5d624a62be73ae814d71eb90~mv2.jpg)
![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ce752d_7e19011402454c07aaa3a6a77bc287a7~mv2.jpg/v1/crop/x_0,y_28,w_775,h_544/fill/w_309,h_217,al_c,q_80,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/ce752d_7e19011402454c07aaa3a6a77bc287a7~mv2.jpg)
↑ →
Prototype 5 by
Sim Jian Kang
Lum Kar Man
Ng Jian Zhe
We managed to fix all the joints in a straight line for each side. First we measured the distances of each joints in Rhino model. Next, we drilled the screws into the plywood according to the marked points. As the members are hollow, we just inserted them into the screws. With the fixed joints, the errors of the model are reduced massively. All the supporting members are touching the ground, even the hardest part of the model, the four corners can be adjusted into the right angle. The height of the model was 60cm before fixing the joints. It is now 55cm which is very close to the rhino model height (50cm)
![Prototype-6.gif](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ce752d_cc1722ef768d4299a64b015f22415be8~mv2.gif/v1/fill/w_290,h_218,al_c,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,pstr/Prototype-6_gif.gif)
![1.JPG](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ce752d_e8b741ebc18d4b1c80e8eec69a3d21af~mv2.jpg/v1/crop/x_0,y_23,w_915,h_643/fill/w_310,h_218,al_c,q_80,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/1_JPG.jpg)
![2.jpg](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ce752d_9d374d5d84c44d978ab575425ebad308~mv2.jpg/v1/crop/x_0,y_658,w_3508,h_2496/fill/w_309,h_220,al_c,q_80,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/2.jpg)
We managed to fix all the joints in a straight line for each side. First we measured the distances of each joints in Rhino model. Next, we drilled the screws into the plywood according to the marked points. As the members are hollow, we just inserted them into the screws. With the fixed joints, the errors of the model are reduced massively. All the supporting members are touching the ground, even the hardest part of the model, the four corners can be adjusted into the right angle. The height of the model was 60cm before fixing the joints. It is now 55cm which is very close to the rhino model height (50cm)
←↑
Prototype 6 by
On Zi Shan,
Fan Khai Jing
Gilbert Tan Hong Tzer,
Soh Hoo Ze Xiang
In order to explore the limit of reciprocal frame made by paper tube, students have construct a 1:1 scaled study model, prototype to be tested wiht load resembling human weight and movement –on –in –against the structure, structural test nodes to be identified and document through load & movement test. Findings of these test to be recorded.Conduct a precedence study of each paper material architecture and reciprocal frame structure (or both combined).
Lecturer
Doris Quek Shu Han
Collabrators
Office for Design Evolution (ODE) . Web Structures Sdn Bhd
Student
Chia Yi Hen .Fan Khai Jing . Gilbert Tan Hong Tzer . Guma Sylvester Makajil . Helen Lim Xin Ying . John Lau Yong Hao . Khoo Li Wen . Koh Qin Zheng . Lau Yee Seng . Lim Zhuan Yang . Lum Kar Man . Lum Wen Hao . Ng Jian Zhe . Noah Iskandar Bin Fuad . On Zi Shan . Pang Jian Sheng . Sim Jian Kiang . Soh Hoo Ze Xiang . Tan Jia Ming . Teh Yong Peng . Tey Yu Xuan . Tong Lai Mun Joanne . Yap Yi Yang